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What is a sodium-ion battery and will it replace the lithium battery?

Automation Engineer
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What is a sodium-ion battery and will it replace the lithium battery?

Introduction to sodium-ion battery

Lithium is the major component of the electric battery. The excavation of this element is really costly, but this problem can be solved by using a sodium-ion battery. Sodium-ion batteries are cost-effective when compared to lithium because they cost less when compared to lithium batteries. We can reduce the cost of the electric vehicle by using sodium ions in it. Sodium-ion batteries are cheap and it has better storage capacity than lithium-ion batteries.

Lithium-ion batteries have been used for several applications, such as laptops, smartphones, and electric vehicles. The availability and accessibility of sodium have led so many researchers to determine the potential of sodium ions for electric batteries.

How Sodium-Ion batteries are constructed and how do they work?

A sodium-ion battery or salt water battery is constructed from sodium-sulfur. This is a type of molten salt that is prepared from seawater. In the sodium-ion battery, there will be an anode and cathode separator, current collectors (+ve and – ve), and also electrolyte. The anode and cathode will collect the sodium when it is an electrolyte and they’ll control the energy flow. The electrolyte will carry the charged ions to the anode and cathode and vice versa. There will be free electrons in the anode due to the sodium ions and thus charge will be created at the positive collector section. This current will reach the device which is being powered by the battery.

sodium-ion battery
What is a sodium-ion battery and will it replace the lithium battery? 3

What is the major difference between the Sodium-ion battery and lithium-ion battery?


Sodium-ion battery
Lithium-ion battery

Lower density
Higher density

Less energy storage per volume
Higher energy storage

Not suitable for high-energy battery applications
suitable for high-energy battery applications

There is no fire risk so it is safe
Good electrode life

Batteries will last long
These batteries won’t last long

Lower cost
Costlier than the sodium ion

Abundant in nature
Not abundant in nature as the sodium ion

Environmental friendly
Less environmental friendly

There is no fire risk so its safe
There are chances for fire risks

Cheaper
Costlier

It has a higher operating temperature
Lower operating temperature compared to the sodium battery

Fast charging
Slow charging

There is no need for ventilation or air condition
Requires ventilation and air condition

Sodium-ion battery vs Lithium-ion battery

What are the advantages of a Sodium-ion battery over a lithium-ion battery?

Lithium-ion batteries have been around in the market for several years. The research and development in this lithium-ion battery is more than that of the sodium ion battery. Due to this, the application of the sodium ion battery is really less. Sodium-ion batteries are able to do several charging and discharging when compared to lithium-ion batteries. The price of the lithium is going up and the price of the salt battery is really less. Lithium is more reactive than sodium so the salt battery is really safe. Lithium batteries are not capable of operating at lower temperatures like the salt battery.

Sodium-ion batteries can be used for large-scale energy storage applications, but they can’t be used for applications where space is a constraint. There are several advantages to sodium-ion batteries when compared to lithium. However, electrode degradation and energy density are some of the major defects of the salt battery.

sodium-ion battery
What is a sodium-ion battery and will it replace the lithium battery? 4

Less maintenance

Fully discharge can be easily done in salt water batteries, but it is not the same for the lithium battery. If the lithium battery is entirely discharged then it would affect the battery life

How sodium-ion batteries are friendly to the environment and is it possible to recycle sodium-ion batteries?

The cells in the salt battery or the entire sodium ion battery can be recycled. The metals which are used in the salt battery can be melted down. The extraction of the elements of the sodium battery is really eco-friendly when compared to lithium extraction. Most of the other batteries use earth minerals and the salt water battery is different from all the other types of batteries.

Sodium-ion batteries can be recycled and recycling is really good for the environment. Recycling can secure the resources and also it can reduce the waste. It can prevent pollution, and recycling can be easily done because these batteries don’t use heavy metals. Another advantage of Na-ion batteries is they can be easily disposed of because it doesn’t have any harmful chemicals. The cells in the salt battery have salt water and due to this, there is no fire risk.

Can sodium-ion batteries replace lithium-ion batteries?

The energy density of the sodium-ion battery is really low when compared to the lithium-ion battery. So more sodium ion battery is required to equalize the energy capacity of the lithium-ion. The sodium ion battery will require more space to provide the same energy as the lithium-ion. Due to this the sodium ion battery is not used in several applications such as smartphones, laptops, etc.

In order to use the sodium ion battery there shouldn’t be any space constraint and this is the reason why sodium ion batteries are used for fewer applications. So in the future after several research, if the sodium ion battery can equalize the energy capacity of the lithium batteries then we can see several salt batteries in the market.

Where can we use the sodium-ion battery?

  • It can be used where low power is required
  • It can be used where long service life is needed
  • It can be used where less maintenance is required
  • Sodium batteries can be used in extreme climatic conditions
  • It can be used in areas where the reduction in the fire load is really important

What are the major advantages of Sodium-ion batteries?

  • These batteries are made up of harmless materials
  • It has good efficiency
  • Less maintenance
  • These batteries can be recycled
  • These batteries are non-flammable, so it’s really safe
  • There is no need for any safety measures like it’s nonflammable and also there is no heating problem
  • It can be operated in extreme temperature conditions
  • It will last more than a decade and due to this less maintenance is required
  • Robust

What are the disadvantages of the sodium ion battery?

  • Sodium-ion batteries can’t be used for high-power applications
  • It can’t be used as high charge and high discharge batteries
  • To maintain a working temperature

AI and drone technology for firefighting?

Embedded System Engineer
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AI and drone technology for firefighting?

AI and drone technology for firefighting

We all know that fire accidents can cause a massive loss of life and property. Drone technology can be used to prevent this, we can use this technology instead of conventional methods. The conventional method is not an effective method of firefighting strategy. If we are using the conventional method for fire fighting then it will take a certain time to be effective. Drone technology can be used in remote areas and also in central forest locations. AI and drone technology for firefighting to prevent damage and save many lives.

Fires in high-building are really hard to put out by using the conventional fire fighting method. We can use drones to put out fires in high buildings. AI and drone technology for fire fighting will protect the people and also the property.

Firefighters are risking their lives while doing their work. Many firefighters have lost their lives while doing their work. When the firefighters arrive at the fire scene they won’t be able to determine the situation easily they need to get inside the building which is burning. This is really dangerous and because of this AI and drone technology are used for firefighting. Thousands of people die daily around the world due to fire accidents and many others will get injured due to this.

AI and drone technology is used for firefighting
AI and drone technology for firefighting? 7

How drone technology is used for firefighting?

A drone can be described as an unmanned flying robot that can be controlled remotely. This drone will be composed of a GPS system and several other sensors such as thermal sensors. We can determine several wildfires by using drone technology. We can also determine the property damage with the help of drone technology. The fire and safety department is using AI and drone technology for firefighting. Firefighters are using drone technology for rescue missions and also these drones can be used to monitor the location. The thermal cameras in the drone can locate the hotspot and it can check the building that has caught the fire.

If we use AI and drone technology for firefighting then we can save a lot of life. We can also protect the property by using AI tools for firefighting. While using the thermal camera in a drone it can see through smoke. Also, the firefighting drone will be composed of a spotlight. Thus the drone can check all the details regarding the property damage and also can check if there is anyone trapped in the building. The spotlight in the drone will help the firefighters to operate in the dark.

Wildfires are one of the major natural disasters and this is where drone technology can be used effectively. Drone technology will be useful for handling wildfires and also it will be useful for firefighters to scout out dangerous fires. Drones will be composed of fire extinguisher balls and thus can extinguish the fire. In certain cases these fire extinguisher balls will be composed of chemicals and this ball will blast in the area of the fire to extinguish it.

There will be a transmitter and receiver to transmit the control signal to the drone. The fire extinguisher balls won’t be effective for many fire accidents. AI and drone technology for firefighting to detect the range of fire and the area where the fire has spread.

AI and drone technology for firefighting can protect firefighters. In case of forest fire or fire accidents in any factory then we can determine the range of the fire and also the number of people who got trapped in this fire with the help of drone technology. So a firefighting drone will be composed of several features.

What are the advantages of using drone technology for firefighting?

  • It can be used for emergency situations
  • We can use this to control the fires in the remote area
  • It can be used in hazardous areas that pose a threat to human
  • It can be used to control the fires in the forest area
  • We can use this to rescue the people who got trapped in a burning building
  • Drones can be used to check several structures, explosive regions, chemical factories, etc
  • Firefighters and their trucks will take some time to reach the remote area and this is where the drone technology will come in handy
  • Drones can travel to difficult places because they are really agile
  • Thermal cameras in the fire fighting drone can detect the fire and also it can send live footage too

Can drones replace firefighters?

Mostly drones are used to determine the hotspot areas and this will help the firefighters to extinguish the fire. Drones are basically the eye in the sky for firefighters. AI and drone technology for firefighting as an immediate detection tool it can’t replace manpower.

How AI-enabled machines are used for firefighting?

Intelligent robots consist of hardware and software, the hardware section is composed of mechanical parts and electronic and electrical parts. The software part requires programming, intelligent robots can detect the fire by smoke or by the variation in temperature. AI robots can be operated remotely and thus can reduce the danger to firefighters. The AI robots will be composed of cameras and also it will have several sensors. Certain robots are capable of doing search and rescue operations.

AI and drone technology is used for firefighting
AI and drone technology for firefighting? 8

How AI is used in fire fighting and how do AI robots work?

AI robots have several advantages over the conventional method. We can use AI robots in hazardous areas and they can be used in dangerous areas. AI robots can save lives and properties really quickly. These robots are remote control equipment and also it can also carry waterpipes. The AI robots will be composed of several sensors to detect the hot spot and also to see through the smoke. Smoke detectors, flame sensors, infrared sensors, and thermal sensors are the major sensors used in AI robots.

Can AI detect fire?

The AI robots will be composed of several cameras to detect the firing range and also the intensity of the fire. AI robots can detect everything regarding fire accidents because these robots are really intelligent. AI and drone technology for firefighting will be really useful in handling crucial fire accidents. AI robots are capable of detecting fires and this will be a really good advantage.

Can AI replace firefighters?

Artificial intelligence cannot replace firefighters, AI and drone technology for firefighting to easily detect the fire and also to provide proper manpower. Basically, it is used as a tool to find out the hotspot. This will reduce the danger In firefighting operations. AI robots can check all the hazardous locations where fire accidents have occurred. This will reduce the risks to the firefighters.

How do fire extinguisher robots utilize the automation fire detection method for their operation?

As we discussed earlier there are several sensors in the AI robots such as thermal sensors, infrared sensors, etc. All these sensors will be really useful to detect the fire automatically and also can detect the range of the fire. So now we know that AI and drone technology for firefighting to find out the location where the fire has originated and to where it has spread.

What are the advantages of AI robots in firefighting?

AI and drone technology for firefighting to achieve all these

  • It can be operated in a hazardous environment that poses a dangerous threat to humans
  • It can detect the intensity of the fire
  • It will take less time to carry out the rescue operations
  • It can locate the fire
  • It can see through the smoke
  • It can also be used to fight the wildfires
  • It can transmit the hazardous data

What is 3D printing and how does it work?

Automation Engineer
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What is 3D printing and how does it work?

Introduction to 3D printing

3D printing is the process of creating a physical object by using a 3D digital model. A digital object will be transformed into a physical object by 3D printing. The physical objects will be created by adding layer by layer of the material. We can consider 3D printing as a combination of Digital Technology and Additive manufacturing. For the past several years 3d printing has gained a lot of attention in the manufacturing sector. So by 3D printing, we can develop a physical object from a digital design.

3D printing
What is 3D printing and how does it work? 11

How does a 3D printing work and what are all the materials used in 3D printing?

3D printing is also called additive manufacturing because it will create a physical object by adding layers of material. This 3D model will be developed by using several materials such as plastic, metal, or sometimes biological material to create the required objects. The major advantage of 3D printing over the conventional manufacturing method is that 3D printing can do complex designs in less time.

In this type of printing a virtual design of the object will be created. This virtual design will be created by using some computer-aided design. After completing the virtual model it should be prepared for printing. The first process of this will be dividing the model into several layers and this is called slicing. Slicing will be done to the virtual model and then the virtual model will be sliced into several hundred pieces with the help of special software.

Then the sliced virtual image will be uploaded to the 3D printer and this printer will print it layer by layer. In a 3D printer, the objects are printed by adding several layers, this process is called extrusion. So based on the material which is used for the 3D printing extrusion will be different. The type of extrusion will be different for different materials.

What is the purpose of the 3D printer and what are the types of 3D printers?

The purpose of the 3D printer is to create a physical object really fast according to the digital image. The conventional method will take a lot of time to manufacture a complex product. We can use the 3D printer to easily create complex 3D objects. 3D printing can create intricate designs and this is not possible by the conventional method. Design flexibility is another feature of the 3D printer but it’s not the same for conventional manufacturing. In the jewellery sector 3D printer plays a major role and it is because complex designs can be created with the help of the 3D printer.

Types of 3D printers

Based on the materials

  • Metallic type
  • Plastic-type

Based on the techniques used

  • Powder bed and inkjet head 3D printers
  • Selective laser melting
  • Selective laser sintering
  • Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)
  • Stereolithography
  • Electron beam melting
  • Laminated object manufacturing
  • Continuous liquid interface production

Why 3D printer is called rapid prototyping and which is the best material for 3D printing?

We can easily develop several prototypes by using 3D printers and because of this, it is called rapid prototyping or quick prototyping. The strongest material for 3D printing is polycarbonate.

Is it possible to do mass production by using a 3D printer?

Mass production is the major concern of 3D printing. This is where the conventional method comes in handy.

What can we make by using 3D printers?

  • Consumer products
  • Aerospace components
  • Automotive components
  • Industrial products
  • Dental products

What are the significant features and specifications of the SMEC 3D printer?

SMEC 3D printer uses a technique called Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF). In this method, the filament and the bed are heated to a certain temperature and at the end, the filament gets melted. It forms a product wherever the fused filament gets deposited. The supporting file format of the 3D printing software is a .stl file. There are different types of 3D printers and the software used for it will be different. The FlashPrint software is used for Flashforge 3D printers, Creality software for Creality ender 3D printers, etc. There is also open access for slicing the product.

3D printing
What is 3D printing and how does it work? 12

SMEC 3D printer specification and its operational features

Bed dimensions: Length = 200(X-axis), Width = 150mm(Y-Axis), Height (Z-axis)

Type of filament used: PLA

Overall dimensions: Length = (X-axis), Width = (Y-Axis)

Infill wall thickness – 20%

Filament diameter – 1.8mm

Print speed (Min) – 60mm per second

Extruder Quantity – 1 No.

Ambient operating temperature: 15 to 30oC

Operational extruder temperature: 180oC

Operational print bed temperature: 80oC

We use PLA as a filament material and it must be heated up to a temperature of 180oC and the bed temperature must be 60 to 80oC.

Will 3D printing replace the conventional method?

There are several advantages of 3D printing like integrating several parts in a component. Flexibility and compatibility are other features. Complex designs can be easily completed with the help of 3D printing. Product development can be easily done but mass production can’t be achieved by 3D printing.

What are the applications of 3D printing?

Healthcare

3D printing has revolutionized healthcare by enabling the production of patient-specific medical devices, prosthetics, and even human tissue. Customized implants, surgical guides, and anatomical models have improved surgical precision and patient outcomes.

Aerospace and Automotive

The aerospace and automotive industries have embraced 3D printing to create lightweight components with complex structures. It has led to reduced costs, improved fuel efficiency, and faster prototyping, allowing for rapid innovation.

Architecture and Construction

Architects and engineers are leveraging 3D printing to create intricate scale models, architectural elements, and even entire buildings. This technology offers new possibilities for sustainable construction, customization, and rapid on-site fabrication.

Education and Research

3D printers are transforming education and research by providing hands-on learning experiences and enabling the creation of intricate models and prototypes. Students can bring their ideas to life, fostering innovation and creativity.

What are the advantages of 3D printers?

Low initial cost

The initial cost of the 3D printer is very low, in the case of the industrial manufacturing plant the initial cost will be really high.

Rapid Prototyping

3D printing allows for quick and cost-effective production of prototypes, facilitating faster iterations and reducing time to market.

Design Freedom

The technology enables the realization of complex and intricate designs that would be challenging or impossible with traditional manufacturing methods.

Customization

3D printing empowers customization by allowing individualized production and personalization of products.

Waste Reduction

Additive manufacturing is an inherently sustainable process as it generates less waste than subtractive methods.

Author – Ashlin A J

What is the role of Protection Engineering in Electric Vehicles?

Automation Engineer
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What is the role of Protection Engineering in Electric Vehicles?

Introduction to Protection Engineering in Electric Vehicles

Electric vehicles have gained a lot of popularity in the past few years because of the increase in climatic change. Electric vehicles can reduce environmental pollution and that’s why most of the Automobile manufacturers have started manufacturing electric vehicles. The major advantage of electric vehicles over conventional vehicles is that the carbon emission is less. Several factors should be considered in an electric vehicle such as thermal management and also the protection of the battery pack is the major concern in the electric vehicle. Protection engineering in electric vehicles will protect your vehicle in case of any hazardous conditions. Due to all of this Protection Engineering in Electric Vehicles is really important.

Fire prevention is required for electric vehicles so that we can use electric vehicles for safe transportation. Protection engineering in electric vehicles is inevitable because Electric cars are subjected to many fire hazards.

What are the major challenges faced by the EV industry and how to overcome these challenges?

There are several challenges in the EV industry such as less infrastructure, problems regarding charging stations, power surge problems, and a lot more. All of these can be handled by implementing protection engineering in electric vehicles.

Protection Engineering in Electric Vehicles
What is the role of Protection Engineering in Electric Vehicles? 15

The electrical vehicle and the charging station will be equipped with several sensitive components so during power surges these devices will be affected. Lightning strikes can also cause overvoltages and this will damage most of the components in the electric vehicle. Major sensitive components will be affected because of this so all of these things must be considered while manufacturing the EV industry. Protection Engineering in Electric vehicles will be really useful to do thermal management and also protect the battery pack.

What are the different types of protection engineering used in electric vehicles?

Safety and Maintenance of the electric vehicle

Mostly the maintenance of the electric vehicle is really less when compared to the combustion vehicle. In an electric vehicle, the major components are battery, motor, and also other electronic components. The branking system in an electric vehicle is regenerative braking and because of this, it will last long. Only less energy is required in electric vehicles because of the fewer parts. Less moving parts so less maintenance is needed. Protection engineering in electric vehicles will protect the vehicle from several problems.

The electronic unit which is in the battery system and also in another part of the vehicle will require proper fire and surge protection. Thermal insulation is required in the Electrical Vehicle

Flame retardant encapsulants that have polyurethane in it and it can provide fire protection to the battery modules. So these encapsulants are designed and installed in a way that will isolate the battery from the fire.

Battery Safety

The operating temperature of the electric vehicle can be controlled by the liquid coolant. Most electric vehicles have a high-voltage electric system. The protection of the battery pack is really important so it will be protected by sealed shells. The batteries which are used in the Electric vehicle have been tested several times. These batteries will be tested in different scenarios such as high temperature, vibrations, overcharge, short circuit, humidity, etc.

Protection during emergency situations

Mostly the high-voltage lines will be insulated by the manufacturers and also there will be several security features. In case of any collision or accident, the electrical system will be deactivated. Almost all-electric vehicles will have a lower center of gravity and because of this these vehicles have good stability and the chances of a rollover in emergency situations will be really less. Electric vehicles will have cutoff switches and this will be useful to isolate the battery and also to incapacitate the electrical system.

Battery charging

The battery charging of the electric vehicle must be done by using the level 2 charging station. We shouldn’t use the standard wall chargers because it will take a lot of time it could also generate heat and this could lead to battery fires. The EV must be charged after the cool-down of the electrical system. Use proper equipment for the battery charging if we use any other system that is not recommended by the manufacturer then it could cause a lot of problems. The electric vehicle should not be parked directly under the sun because it will increase the vehicle’s temperature. So protection engineering in electric vehicles is really important for the safety of the electric vehicle.

Surge protection devices

Surge protection devices will be included in the Electric vehicles to protect sensitive devices. There is also an external shielding device which will be really useful to protect the charging stations.

How the electrical vehicle is different from the combustion vehicle?

Electrical vehicles will reduce environmental pollution. The conventional vehicle will emit a lot of harmful gases and in the case, of the electric vehicle, it doesn’t create this much pollution. The manufacturing of the Electric vehicle involves several challenges, the weight of the vehicle will affect the range of the vehicle. The charging station is another problem when choosing an electric vehicle. In the case of conventional vehicles, we don’t have any problem regarding the range because there are a lot of petrol pumps.

Protection Engineering in Electric Vehicles
What is the role of Protection Engineering in Electric Vehicles? 16

Electric vehicle saves a lot of energy when compared to the conventional vehicle. When the EV is stationary it won’t use any energy which is not the case for the combustion vehicle. Combustion engine also requires several gear changes while taking corners. In the case of the electric vehicle, it doesn’t need this kind of gear change and because of this, there is no need for torque converters and gearboxes in EVs.

What are the advantages of the electric vehicle?

  • Greenhouse gas emissions will be really less
  • No need to rely on petrol and diesel
  • Climate change can be reduced
  • Health can be improved due to the reduction of air pollution
  • There won’t be any tailpipe emissions

What are the job opportunities in Electric Vehicle Engineering?

  • EV design engineer
  • EV test engineer
  • EV battery engineer
  • Control system design engineer
  • Electric drive engineer
  • Thermal engineer
  • Powertrain engineer

India’s first water metro in Kochi

Career Expert
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India’s first water metro in Kochi

Introduction to India’s First Water Metro

India’s first water metro is in Kochi, water transportation is an effective method with less traffic. The major purpose of the Kochi Water Metro is to decrease the traffic in the city. Kochi Metro Rail has taken the initiative for this project. The funding for this project is done by the Kerala government and also German development bank KfW has provided funds for India’s first water metro. We can see a lot of water transportation in rivers, backwaters, and the ocean. This water metro will connect several islands and coastal regions in the state.

Which city in India has the first water metro?

India’s first water metro is also the world’s first urban water metro project. India’s first water metro in Kochi.

India’s first water metro
India’s first water metro

As we all know Kerala is a state with a lot of backwaters and coastal areas, so water transportation is an important means of transportation in Kerala. Kochi Water Metro has made it really easier to get around via waterways. This water metro in Kochi will connect to 10 islands that are near Kochi.

Who inaugurated the Kochi water metro?

Our honorable Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated India’s first water metro on 25th April. Kochi Metro will be really useful to improve the tourism sector in Kerala. Kochi Water Metro will connect various parts of the city through waterways.

What are the major features of the Kochi Water Metro?

The battery that is used in the Kochi water metro is Lithium Titanate Spinite Batteries. India’s first water metro is an Eco-friendly transportation system and also it is one of the fastest-completed metro projects in India. Kochi Water Metro can be operated in hybrid mode and also in the battery. This water transportation facility will be useful to connect almost 10 islands. kochi water metro is designed in a way that it can occupy the differently abled people.

  • Electrical propulsion
  • Floating jetties
  • Automatic fare collection
  • Reduction in carbon emission
  • Passenger information system
  • Thermal camera for night travel
  • Operation and control center
  • Navigational system
  • Capable to carry 50 to 100 passengers on a trip
  • All the boats are electric hybrid boats

Why Kochi Water Metro is called Eco-friendly transportation?

India’s first water metro is eco-friendly because the boats in the Kochi water metro are hybrid. The boats in the Kochi water metro are battery-operated and because of this, there will be less pollution.

Does kochi water metro have electric ferries and did kochi water metro receive any award?

It is said that during the completion of the Kochi water metro project 78 electric ferries will be deployed. India’s first water metro in Kochi is the first in the world to implement a fully functional electric-powered ferry transit system. Kochi Water Metro has won the global electric boat award. Kochi Water Metro has received Gussie’s award for the best commercial passenger electric boat in the world.

How does the kochi water metro operate and how can it improve tourism in Kerala?

India’s first water metro is a ferry transportation project. So there will be several ferry boats that will run on the travel routes in kochi. The ferry utilizes all the advanced technology and because of this, the operation of the water metro will take place very efficiently. Due to the electric boats, the emission will be really less. When this project is fully fledged water transportation will be really useful for the tourism sector in the city.

Now the transportation facility is really limited for the islanders so they need to travel a lot to work by road and the time and money will be more compared to the water transportation. So during the completion of this project, all these islanders can travel a lot at their own convenient time.

What are the major terminals and travel routes of the kochi water metro?

Kakkanad

Kakkanad is one of the major IT hubs in Kerala and a water metro in this region will really help to reduce the traffic during the working days.

Vytilla

This is one of the mobility hubs that connects different forms of transportation.

Vypin

Vypin has several lagoons, backwaters, beaches, etc. This is one of the regions in the city that requires water transportation a lot. This is also the major tourist area in the city and water transport connects Vypin and fort kochi.

High court

This is another crowded region in kochi city, and water transportation will be really useful in this part of kochi. This is the starting phase of the kochi water metro and when it operates fully fledged there will be several more terminals.

Travel Routes

  • High Court to Vypin
  • Vyttila to Kakkanad
  • High Court to Fort Kochi
  • High Court to Mattancherry
  • Fort kochi to Mattancherry
  • Ernakulam to Vypin
  • Edakochi to Vytilla

How to book tickets for the kochi water metro?

• Tickets for single trips can be purchased from the terminal

• You can also book tickets by using the Kochi One card and this can also be used with the Kochi metro rail.

What will be the ticket price for the Kochi water metro?

• Minimum ticket price is 20Rs maximum is 40Rs

• Weekly pass – 180Rs

• Monthly pass – 600Rs

• Quarterly pass – 1500Rs

Who has manufactured the kochi water metro and what is the total cost of the kochi water metro project?

Cochin Shipyard is the manufacturer of the Kochi water metro. During the first phase, 8 hybrid boats are launched. The total cost of the Kochi water metro project is 1137crore

India’s first Digital science park is going to come up in Kerala

Automation Engineer
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India’s first Digital science park is going to come up in Kerala

What is a Digital Science park and what are the major features of India’s first Digital science park?

A digital science park is an infrastructure that is composed of most of the advanced technologies in it. Basically, the purpose of the digital science park is to attract a lot of tech companies. Digital science park plays a great role in the economic development of a country. This park will pave the way for the growth of businesses, entrepreneurs, and other start-ups in the IT sector. India’s first digital science park will be designed in a way that it has the infrastructure and the facilities to support all the advanced technology.

The growth of advanced technologies such as IoT, AI, machine learning, etc can be done with the help of the Digital Science Park. This digital science park in India is an example of how India is embracing the digital era.

India’s first Digital science park?

India’s first Digital science park will be set up in Kerala. Our honorable Prime Minister Narendra Modi has laid the foundation stone for India’s first digital science park. The Digital Science Park will come up in Trivandrum the capital of Kerala. The 1500 crore Digital science park project is going to be set up on around 14 acres of land near the Kerala University of Digital Science Innovation and Technology. It is expected that the project will be completed within 2 years. The chief minister of Kerala Pinarayi Vijayan, Union railway minister Ashwini Vaishnav, Shashi Tharoor MP of Trivandrum, and several other political leaders attended this event.

India's first Digital science park
India’s first Digital science park is going to come up in Kerala 19

What will be the major features and facilities of India’s first digital science park?

This Digital park project is mainly focused on digital technologies, and also it will focus on other sectors such as Robotics, Artificial intelligence, electronics, and a lot more. India’s first digital science park will be equipped with several advanced labs such as integrated sensor labs, energy labs, and robotic labs, and also there will be several labs for software development, cybersecurity, informatics, etc. This digital science park will also focus on Advanced electronic systems such as VLSI. ARM a UK-based IT organization has signed an agreement with the Digital University of Kerala on academic research. It has been said that there will be several other IT companies are planning to a part of India’s first Digital science park.

What would be the construction cost of India’s first digital science park?

The construction cost of the digital science park project will be up to 1515 crore. In which the 200 crore is provided by the Kerala government and the rest will be generated with the help of industrial partners. This third-generation science park will be really useful for the development of the digital sector. It is said that this digital science park will consist of two buildings with an area of 2 lakh square feet.

The operation of the park will start in the Kabani building which is in the technopark phase 4. This project will also pave the way for advanced learning in science and technology. India’s first digital science park will be really useful for economic and technological growth.

Where is India’s first Digital science park located and when is it established?

India’s first digital science park is located in Kerala Trivandrum. This park will attract a lot of MNCs and it will provide a lot of job opportunities too. Our prime minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone of the digital science park on April 25, 2023.

How Digital Science Park will change the educational and economic sector in India?

When this Digital science park is fully operational then it will pave the way for other aspects of digital science and technology. It would lead to several job opportunities and also for research and education.

Author – Ashlin AJ

How Information technology in India is shaping the business sector?

Automation Engineer
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How Information technology in India is shaping the business sector?

Information technology in Indian organization

The IT industry has played a major role in the Indian economy. Information technology is the process that deals with several things such as hardware, software, networking, computing, and a lot of other things that involve the transmission of information. Organizational productivity is dependent on several IT operations. The flow of business operational processes can be easily carried out by implementing information technology. The growth and success of most corporate firms are dependent on IT-based services.

Data plays an important role in many industrial applications so data security is really important in an organization. This growth in the IT sector has also changed the Indian economy. Software development, Online service, business processing outsourcing all of these operations can be carried out with the help of information technology in India.

Information technology in India
How Information technology in India is shaping the business sector? 22

What are the major technologies used to improve Information technology in India?

Networking

Networking is the process through which we can interconnect computers. This process will be really useful to store the data and also to share several organizational documents in a secure way. The computers will be connected to the internet so that they can operate, in a network. Several computers can share a printer if it is connected to a network. Information technology in India is booming right now and we all know that many MNCs have branches in India.

Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence can be described as an intelligent computer and this intelligence is achieved by using a computer program. Computers will acquire several skills such as the ability to capture data from their environment. In order to achieve all this a huge amount of data and algorithms will be used. AI is used in several industries such as financial sectors, manufacturing industries, banking sectors, and a lot more. AI will be useful to analyze business data. AI will play a major role in the future of information technology in India.

Cloud computing

Cloud computing has helped organizations to outsource most of their functions. Due to cloud computing the functionality, storage, and productivity of an organization can be increased. Cloud computing helps businesses to expand easily and also the mobility of the organization can be improved too. The small-scale business has developed a lot because of cloud computing. There is no constraint regarding storage, space, hardware, and cost. Many organizations can use several resources without owning them because of cloud computing.

Cloud computing services can be used from anywhere with the help of the internet. The agility of the business can be improved with less cost and also the flexibility of the operation can be improved too. Better security, flexibility, productivity, etc can be achieved with the help of cloud computing.

Information technology in India
How Information technology in India is shaping the business sector? 23

Internet of things

IoT can be described as the combination of electronic devices and the internet. The devices will have sensors in them and the internet will be connected to them thus these devices can transfer data easily. Mostly IoT will be really useful for manufacturing plants. IoT will reduce the operational cost, and the workflow can be determined too. Productivity in an organization can be improved because of the IoT. Customer data can be easily checked and because of this organizations can determine business trends. IoT is the reason for Industry 4.0 and smart factories are developed with the help of IoT.

Cyber security

Security plays an important role in most industries, cyber attacks can affect business badly. Due to the digital operations in the organizational workflow, the operations can be easily carried out quickly and economically. But this has also paved the way for several security issues. Due to the remote working culture and also because of mobile devices cyber attacks have increased a lot. So cyber security is inevitable in most organizations. Due to organizational development, the complexity of organizational operations has increased and this will affect security.

Blockchain

Blockchain is a distributed database that is shared in a computer network. Several pieces of information will be stored in the blockchain database. Blockchain will provide better data security because there is no centralized control instead of that it follows a decentralized method. The blockchain will collect the data in groups and this will be really useful for the organizational process. Most financial transactions can be checked and securely carried out with the help of blockchain. Data security plays an important role in business and this can be easily achieved through blockchain.

Data Science

Data science is the process of collecting and organizing data and also to analyze it. Most of the organization is operated by using several data. Collecting the required data from a huge amount of data is a hideous task and it can be achieved with the help of data science. You can access the quality of the data and also the data will be organized for analysis.

Data science will help companies to get customer insights and also it will improve the security of your organization. You can protect your organizational data with the help of data science. Companies can track all of their financial activities and can determine the profit or loss. It can also determine the inefficiencies in organizational operations. All this will be really useful to improve the profit of an organization.

Automation

Automation will be really useful to improve the security of the systems. The efficiency of the organizational process can be improved by implementing automation in the operations. This will be really useful for the monitoring and provisioning of several processes in an organization. The reliability of an organization can be improved with the help of automation and also this will be useful to create good brand value. Several tasks in an organization can be automated and due to this, there will be fewer errors and thus better reliability.

Maintenance can be reduced because of the quick response time in automated monitoring. In case of any error, it will find out the faults and can resolve the issue. Better scalability is another advantage of automation the organizational operation must be varied based on the current trends and also based on customer requirements.

Organizational security can be improved with the implementation of automation. Threat analysis, vulnerability scanning, and preventive maintenance can provide better security to organizational data. Automation will secure the root of information technology in India.

How business sector will benefit from the IT sector?

  • Better business agility
  • Automation of the industrial process
  • Data security
  • Improved reliability
  • Time-saving
  • Competitor analysis
  • Customer experience can be improved
  • Maintenance costs can be reduced
  • Profit can be improved

Author – Ashlin A J

How internship will help you to secure your career?

Career Expert
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How internship will help you to secure your career?

What is an internship and how it can help you to get a job?

An internship is the work experience provided by an organization to students or other people who like to start their career in an industrial sector. Students will get better exposure to the operations of an organization. An internship will provide you with skills in industrial operations. Organizations will train interns by including them in several industrial projects. Internships will help you to acquire several skills most MNCs are looking for candidates with good skills. Internships will be provided by the employer for a fixed period.

You will be able to determine the culture of a company after completing the internship. All these skills will make you capable enough to be part of a major organization that you want to be part of. Internships can also be called experimental learning and this will help the candidates to get real-world experience.

internship
How internship will help you to secure your career? 26

What are the benefits of an internship?

  • Professional skill development is the major advantage of the internship, candidates will be able to develop several practical skills which are required for a particular job.
  • You will be trained and molded by an industrial professional
  • You can build a professional network by which you will be able to develop your career and also this will help you to land your dream career.
  • Students will be able to determine their career path, and during the internship, the candidates will get a proper idea regarding their field of work. Students will get a clear-cut idea if they want to choose a career in the relevant field.
  • You can boost your resume by including the internship details in your resume. Employers will find it positive and this will be useful for you to get hired.
  • Students will get proper exposure to new opportunities
  • Industrial knowledge

How to get an internship and what are the different ways to get an internship?

Check the internship opportunities on company websites, job portals, and also by using the professional network. After you find out the right internship program you need to highlight your skills to get selected for the internship program. Make sure that you prepare well for the interview, so you should research a lot regarding the company and also the position for which you are applying.

There are several ways to get an internship first step is to do the proper research regarding the organization that provides the internship of your interest. Then you should make a good connection with professionals in the relevant field and you can use Linkedin for that. You can reach out to company professionals in the relevant field. You can use the career research centers in your school and college.

intership
How internship will help you to secure your career? 27

What are the different types of internships?

Paid internship

In this type of internship, the candidate will get paid for their work.

Unpaid internship

in this type of internship, the candidate won’t get paid instead they will get several benefits such as certification and placement assistance.

Full-time internship

An internship can last from one to six months, and the full-time internship will be carried out during normal working hours.

Part-time internship

The part-time internship will take place only for a few hours a day.

Why should I do an internship?

  • To get the proper experience
  • To have good knowledge regarding the industrial sector
  • To improve your adaptability and communication skills
  • Time management skills
  • Problem-solving skills
  • You will be capable enough to work in a team

How internship can be useful for your career?

Most employers are looking for candidates who have industrial experience. It is really hard to get hired as a fresher, so including an internship in your resume will improve your chances of getting hired. You will have industry exposure after completing an internship and you will also know how organizational operations are being carried out. Another advantage of an internship is that you will have good knowledge regarding the industrial sector and also you will have good professional connections.

Do interns get paid?

There are paid and unpaid internships, most of the internships will be unpaid, and in some cases, the interns will get paid. In the unpaid internship, you will acquire a lot of knowledge regarding organizational operations and also you will get certification all these will be applied to the paid internship too. In the paid internship program mostly they will pay low wages and this is because they are teaching us their industrial operations. You can explore your dream career path because of this internship and also you will get valuable experience that will be useful for your career growth.

How to get an easy internship and which company has the best internship program in Kerala?

The number of job seekers has increased and most organizations are looking for experienced professionals. Internships will help freshers to get easily hired. SMEC has started the internship program to help freshers to secure their careers. SMEC Automation is the leading marine service provider in India. SMEC provides internships for diploma candidates, Btech graduates, and also for PG & UG candidates. SMEC provides internships in various sectors such as automation, instrumentation, accounting, embedded systems, and also in the IT sector.

Author – Ashlin A J

What is the need for flare ignition systems in the oil and gas sector?

Automation Engineer
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What is the need for flare ignition systems in the oil and gas sector?

What is a flare boom ignition system?

A flare ignition system in oil and gas removes the excess gas and liquids. A flare system is the safest way to get rid of this. During the extraction of the crude oil in case if there is a quick increase in pressure then it can cause a huge explosion. So this excess pressure or gas can be removed using the flare ignition system. This type of explosion can cause long-lasting fires and it will be really difficult to contain these fires. This type of explosion can also cause several environmental problems. A flare ignition system in an oil rig is to prevent this explosion in an oil rig or other industrial sectors.

Most oil fields are located in remote areas. To ensure that the burning is safely done booms are installed in the drilling platform. These booms will be useful during changes in the wind direction. The flame height will be depended on the amount of the released gas and also the color of the flame will be based on the composition of the air, gas, etc.

Flare boom ignition system
What is the need for flare ignition systems in the oil and gas sector? 30

What is gas flaring and flare offshore?

Gas flaring can be described as the controlled burning of natural gas. The natural gas which is to be burned in the oil rigs or the chemical plant can’t be used for another purpose because of several reasons. Mostly these gases will be waste gases created in the plant during the operation. A flare system will be composed of several flares and this is to handle different types of waste.

A flare system is composed of pipes and several pieces of equipment which is capable of collecting gas such as hydrocarbons through several valves. These gases will be disposed of in a remote location. So in an oil refinery, the flare ignition system will be placed away from all the equipment and devices. The excess pressure should be removed by burning the gas.

When should we do the flaring in an oil rig?

  • Flaring will be done in case of a pool fire below the vessel
  • Flaring is done before the compressor operation
  • Depressurization is done in case of any emergency
  • In case of purging and entry, depressurization must be done

What are high-pressure and low-pressure flares?

These flares are mostly used for venting or blowdown purposes. The equipment that has a design pressure that is more than 10 barges will be connected to the HP flare system. The high-pressure flare system will have high allowable back pressure. HP system has high allowable back pressure and also it has a lower header size. The equipment with a barge pressure of less than 10 will be connected to the LP flare system. The LP system has low allowable back pressure and also it has more header size.

What are the things that should be considered while choosing the flare ignition system?

  • Temperature
  • Back pressure
  • Fuel gas system
  • Ignition system
  • Location
  • Gas dispersion
  • Size of the header
  • Protection of the flashback
  • Operation smoke

What are the major components of a flare ignition system?

  • There will be several valves such as pressure safety valves, blowdown valves
  • Tail pumps
  • Flare headers
  • Knockout drums in the flare area
  • Gas purge system
  • Flare risers such as ignition systems, fuel gas, and stem
  • Safety systems such as infrared monitors

What is the difference between offshore and onshore flare ignition systems?

We can see the gas flaring system onshore and offshore. In the onshore production fields gas flaring system is used and this will ensure the safety of the production field. In the offshore sector, the gas flaring system will be used in port facilities, storage tanks, etc. Mostly the equipment for the offshore and the onshore flare ignition system will be the same. The major difference between the onshore and offshore flare ignition systems is their installation. In the offshore system, the flare ignition system will be placed near the operation site due to space constraints.

In the case of the onshore the ignition system will be installed away from the operation process because there won’t be any space constraints. In the offshore system, the operating personnel will be exposed to radiation and noise because the space will be really low compared to the onshore structure.

flare boom ignition system
What is the need for flare ignition systems in the oil and gas sector? 31

What are the major requirements of the flare system?

A flare system is used for the safe disposal of gaseous waste. This disposal must be done by considering the surrounding. Venting of the excess process gas must be carefully done. The flare system should be capable of extensive venting during the startup and shutdown. This system must be able to handle the emergency releases from the blow-down valves.

How does a flare ignition system operate?

The flare ignition system will mostly have a launching section which will have an ignition pellet, tube, and also collector. So when the pellet leaves the guide tube then the fuse will be released. Pellet will explode when the fuse is released and this will create a spark over the flare tip and also in the flare burners and thus the gas will be lighted.

What are the different types of flare systems?

Sonic flares

Sonic flares are mostly used for high-pressure systems, the emissivity of the sonic flare is in the range of 0.07 to 0.15. The range of heat is generated at the tip of the flare. These are mostly multipoint flares and it has good performance such as less noise and smoke-less operation etc. These flares are mostly placed vertically.

Single point flares

These flares are mostly placed vertically, and they are connected to the end of the flare. These are pipe-type flares and they are mostly used for low-power systems.

Coanda flares

This type of flare is mostly designed to occupy a large volume of air into it and thus it will develop a single burning compact flame. These flares are also considered single-point flares. The flare system should be chosen according to the requirement.

What are the major applications of flare ignition systems?

  • Petroleum refineries
  • Chemical industry
  • Natural gas processing plant
  • Oil and gas production plant
  • Offshore oil and gas rigs
  • Transport ships
  • Port facilities
  • Oil and gas extraction sites

Author – Ashlin A J

How can we use data science for stock market prediction?

Automation Engineer
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How can we use data science for stock market prediction?

Introduction to data science for stock market prediction

The big question is can we use data science for stock market prediction, before that let us gather some insight about data science. We can define data science as a method that is used to extract the required data from the unstructured one. Data science uses statistics, scientific computing, algorithms, and also scientific methods to extract data from unstructured data.

Data science involves the collection of data and breaking down the data for the business purpose of an organization. For the past several years data science has gained a lot of fame. Data science can be used to secure several important data. Data science is also useful for processing huge amounts of information. Most organizations are utilizing data to carry out their business operations. Decision-making is mostly achieved by implementing data science in the organizational process. In the future, we can see that several organizations will use data science for stock prediction.

Data science for stock market prediction
Data science for stock market prediction

How can we use data science to analyze the stock market?

Data science deals with a huge amount of data and because of this, we can check several financial data. This financial data will be really useful for analyzing the stock market. All these financial data can be used to check future financial data outcomes. The stock market is a complex system and it will be affected by several things such as new trends, political strategies, and a lot more. Data science can check the stock based on all these and can help us to choose the stock. So we can say that data science for stock market prediction is really effective.

Big data will be really useful to analyze the patterns and for this, the quality of the data is really important for the growth of the business. This data quality can be achieved with the help of data science. Algorithms and data models are used by data science to predict the stock market.

Data science for stock market prediction
Data science for stock market prediction

Analysis of the stock market

We can segregate the required data from unstructured data with the help of data science. We can use data science to determine future events. You can choose the stock needed to make the investment with the help of data science. These data-driven stock predictions by data science will be based on the trends in the past and also based on several patterns. The data will be classified based on testing the data and also by applying algorithms to it. Many organizations are implementing data science in the stock market.

Targeting the required data

We can easily determine the key elements in the stock market with the help of data science. Data will be separated or segregated by a column based on its importance and its category. The performance of the stock market can be determined by this. Stock market prediction can be easily done with the help of artificial intelligence and machine learning.

Algorithms

The algorithm is used in data science, and these algorithms are composed of several instructions. The instructions in the algorithm can complete several tasks. This algorithm will be really useful for stock market trading. You can buy or sell stocks really easily with the help of these algorithms. You will be notified in case there is any change in stock price and also it can make predictions regarding the stock market.

Training the machine learning model

Machine learning models will be trained in several sets of data by data science and also with several machine learning techniques. The model should be trained on the relevant data regarding the stock market. The model that is being trained will be trained in previous data and thus the developed model can make accurate predictions.

Testing the machine learning model

Testing is done to make sure how the model is performing. The testing will be really useful for the stock market analysis. We can determine if the training is effective for the model which has been trained. We can determine the performance of the trained model like its ability to predict the stock by testing it.

Unconventional strategy

The conventional method of stock market prediction is done by using financial statements, information regarding sales, and several other data will be used to choose the stock. But now using data science for stock prediction is done not by using the conventional method instead the data scientists use data that is beyond the organizational control. Data from social media, news, satellite technology, and also from other sources will be used for stock market analysis. This unconventional strategy will be really useful and thus data science for stock prediction will be effective.

Technical analysis of the stock market

in this method, several charts and patterns will be used to analyze the stock market. In this type of analysis, there will be historical data regarding the stock. Choosing data science for stock market prediction is an effective strategy in the business sector.

Time series modeling

In this type, the stock market analysis will be done by using several mathematical strategies. It will check several previous data to predict the future outcome of the data. A time series model will help us to analyze the stock prices, so data science in the stock market will let us analyze all the details regarding a product.

What is the difference between data science and data analytics?

Data science uses several tools, machine learning, and several algorithms to segregate the required data from the raw data. Data analytics is used to improve the productivity of an organization. In data analytics, the data will be examined to obtain information from a huge amount of data. This gathered information will be useful for organizational development. Both data science and data analytics use programming and mathematic features to carry out their operations. Data science uses scientific methods and algorithms to gather the required data from unstructured data. Data analytics is done to obtain conclusions from a huge set of data by using software and other systems.

What are the major roles and responsibilities of data scientists?

  • Analyzing the data from the data sets
  • Checking the integrity of the data by verifying and cleansing the gathered data
  • Should be able to handle data visualizing tools such as Tableau
  • Must be able to use big data tools such as spark
  • Must use several machine learning techniques to create insights
  • Predictions should be made by identifying the data trends

What are the major use cases for data science?

  • Risk management
  • Detection of fraud and risks
  • Analyzing the data sentiments
  • Analyzing the clickstream
  • The performance of the advertisement campaign can be improved
  • It will be really useful for search recommendation

How does a business benefit from data science?

  • Data is an important asset to the business
  • Customer data can be collected
  • Analysis of the market and also the market trends
  • Financial trading will be improved
  • Better efficiency can be achieved
  • Risk analysis can be done

Author – Ashlin A J

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